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Disease Profile
Adenoma of the adrenal gland
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.
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Age of onset
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ICD-10
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Inheritance
Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.
Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.
X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.
X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.
Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.
Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.
Not applicable
Other names (AKA)
Adrenal cortical adenoma; Adrenal adenoma; Adrenal incidentaloma;
Summary
Adenomas of the adrenal gland are non-cancerous (benign)
Symptoms
Cushing's
Primary aldosteronism (also called Conn syndrome) is a condition in which the adrenal gland produces too much of the hormone aldosterone. This hormone is responsible for balancing the levels of sodium and potassium in the blood. Symptoms of this condition may include high blood pressure, fatigue, headache, muscle weakness, numbness and paralysis that comes and goes.[5]
Benign cortisol-secreting adenomas can also produce small amounts of androgens (steroid hormones, such as testosterone), although androgen levels in the blood are usually not elevated.[3] Excess amounts of androgens can cause an increase in masculine characteristics (virilization) such as increased facial and body hair (hirsutism); deepening of the voice; increased muscularity; and other characteristics.[6]
Cause
Diagnosis
However, genetic testing is an option for people with an
The Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) is a centralized online resource for information about genetic tests. It provides a list of laboratories performing genetic testing for MEN1 and FAP. The intended audience for the GTR is health care providers and researchers. Patients and consumers with specific questions about a genetic test should contact a health care provider or a genetics professional.
Treatment
Functional adrenal adenomas are typically treated with surgery. Removal of the affected adrenal gland usually resolves other medical conditions that may be present as a result of elevated adrenal hormones (i.e. primary aldosteronism, Cushing's syndrome). In some cases, functional adrenal adenomas can be treated with medications that block the function or lower the levels of the overproduced hormone.[4][6][5][7]
Organizations
Support and advocacy groups can help you connect with other patients and families, and they can provide valuable services. Many develop patient-centered information and are the driving force behind research for better treatments and possible cures. They can direct you to research, resources, and services. Many organizations also have experts who serve as medical advisors or provide lists of doctors/clinics. Visit the group’s website or contact them to learn about the services they offer. Inclusion on this list is not an endorsement by GARD.
Organizations Supporting this Disease
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Urology Care Foundation
1000 Corporate Boulevard
Linthicum, MD 21090
Toll-free: 1–800–828–7866
Telephone: 410–689–3700
Fax: 410-689-3998
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: https://www.urologyhealth.org/index.cfm
Learn more
These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.
Where to Start
- The Mayo Clinic has an information page titled "Benign Adrenal Tumors" on its Web site. Click on the link above to view this page.
In-Depth Information
- The Merck Manual for health care professionals provides information on Adenoma of the adrenal gland.
- The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
- PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Adenoma of the adrenal gland. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.
References
- Benign Adrenal Tumors. Mayo Clinic. 2011; https://www.mayoclinic.org/benign-adrenal-tumor/. Accessed 10/24/2011.
- André Lacroix, MD. Clinical presentation and evaluation of adrenocortical tumors. UpToDate. Jul 28, 2014;
- Andre Lacroix. Adrenocortical Adenomas. UpToDate. Waltham, MA: UpToDate; 2011; https://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-presentation-and-evaluation-of-adrenocortical-tumors.
- NINDS Cushing's Syndrome Information Page. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. July 2013; https://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/cushings/cushings.htm.
- Hyperaldosteronism Primary and Secondary. MedlinePlus. August 2013; https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000330.htm.
- Ashley B. Grossman, MD, FRCP. Virilization. Merck Manual. September 2014; https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/hormonal_and_metabolic_disorders/adrenal_gland_disorders/virilization.html.
- George T Griffing, MD. Adrenal Incidentaloma. Medscape. September 2014; https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/116587-overview.
- Pagon RA, Adam MP, Ardinger HH, et al. Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1. GeneReviews. September 6, 2012; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1538/?report=printable.
- Familial Adenomatous Polyposis. MedlinePlus Genetics. October 2013; https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/familial-adenomatous-polyposis/.
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