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Disease Profile
Rheumatic Fever
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.
Unknown
Age of onset
Childhood
ICD-10
I00 I01.0 I01.1 I01.2 I01.8 I01.9
Inheritance
Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.
Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.
X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.
X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.
Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.
Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.
Not applicable
Other names (AKA)
Acute Rheumatic Fever; Inflammatory Rheumatism
Categories
Bacterial infections
Summary
Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory condition that may develop after infection with group A Streptococcus
Symptoms
- Abdominal pain
- Rheumatic heart disease
- Joint pain and/or swelling
- Nosebleeds
- Skin nodules (painless, firm, round lumps underneath the skin)
- Skin rash
- Sydenham chorea (abrupt, non-repetitive limb movements and grimaces)
People with a history of rheumatic fever have a high risk of developing recurrent episodes of the condition. This can cause progressive (worsening over time) heart damage.[1][2]
This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.
Cause
Diagnosis
- Characteristic signs and symptoms identified by physical examination and/or specialized testing such as a blood test, chest X-ray and echocardiogram
- Confirmation of group A Streptococcus bacterial infection with a throat culture or blood tests
The diagnosis can also be supported by blood tests that confirm the presence of certain
Treatment
Organizations
Support and advocacy groups can help you connect with other patients and families, and they can provide valuable services. Many develop patient-centered information and are the driving force behind research for better treatments and possible cures. They can direct you to research, resources, and services. Many organizations also have experts who serve as medical advisors or provide lists of doctors/clinics. Visit the group’s website or contact them to learn about the services they offer. Inclusion on this list is not an endorsement by GARD.
Organizations Supporting this Disease
-
World Heart Federation
32, rue de Malatrex
1201 Geneva
Switzerland
Telephone: (+41 22) 807 03 20
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: https://www.world-heart-federation.org/
Organizations Providing General Support
-
American Autoimmune Related Diseases Association (AARDA)
19176 Hall Road, Suite 130
Clinton Township, MI 48038
Toll-free: 800-598-4668
Telephone: 586-776-3900
Fax: 586-776-3903
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: https://www.aarda.org/
Learn more
These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.
Where to Start
- MedlinePlus was designed by the National Library of Medicine to help you research your health questions, and it provides more information about this topic.
- The Merck Manual provides information on this condition for patients and caregivers.
- The National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD) has a report for patients and families about this condition. NORD is a patient advocacy organization for individuals with rare diseases and the organizations that serve them.
In-Depth Information
- Medscape Reference provides information on this topic. You may need to register to view the medical textbook, but registration is free.
- The Merck Manual for health care professionals provides information on Rheumatic Fever.
- The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
- Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
- PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Rheumatic Fever. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.
References
- Rheumatic Fever. NORD. April 2009; https://rarediseases.org/rare-disease-information/rare-diseases/byID/469/viewAbstract.
- Mark R Wallace, MD, FACP, FIDSA. Rheumatic Fever. Medscape Reference. March 2014; https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/236582-overview.
- Rheumatic fever. MedlinePlus. May 2012; https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003940.htm.
- Engel ME, Stander R, Vogel J, Adeyemo AA, Mayosi BM. Genetic susceptibility to acute rheumatic fever: a systematic review and meta-analysis of twin studies. PLoS One. 2011; 6(9):1-6.
- Bryant PA, Smyth GK, Gooding T, Oshlack A, Harrington Z, Currie B, Carapetis JR, Robins-Browne R, Curtis N. Susceptibility to acute rheumatic fever based on differential expression of genes involved in cytotoxicity, chemotaxis, and apoptosis. Infect Immun. February 2014; 82(2):753-761.
- Allan Gibofsky, MD, JD, FACP, FCLM; John B Zabriskie, MD. Treatment and prevention of acute rheumatic fever. UpToDate. October 2013; Accessed 1/11/2015.
- RHEUMATIC FEVER-RELATED ANTIGEN. OMIM. June 2009; https://www.omim.org/entry/268240.
- Allan Gibofsky, MD, JD, FACP, FCLM; John B Zabriskie, MD. Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever. UpToDate. October 2013; Accessed 1/12/2015.
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